[Download] "Tobacco Smoking and Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Newfoundland and Labrador (Quantitative Research) (Clinical Report)" by Canadian Journal of Public Health * Book PDF Kindle ePub Free

📘 Read Now     📥 Download

eBook details

• Title: Tobacco Smoking and Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Newfoundland and Labrador (Quantitative Research) (Clinical Report)
• Author : Canadian Journal of Public Health
• Release Date : January 01, 2010
• Genre: Law,Books,Professional & Technical,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 363 KB

Description

Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of death from cancer in males and the fourth leading cause of death from cancer in females. (1) In 2002, an estimated 1 million new cases of CRC were diagnosed, accounting for more than 9% of all new cases of cancer. (2) The incidence of CRC varies around the world: CRC is common in highly industrialized countries but is much more rare in Asia and Africa. (1,2) While research has shown that the incidence of CRC has been associated with dietary factors (3-5) and physical inactivity, (5,6) evidence on the relationship between CRC and tobacco use has been conflicting. A number of epidemiological studies have investigated the relationship between tobacco smoke and CRC in the last three decades, but few found a significant risk for CRC among smokers. Earlier studies found that greater risk of CRC was associated with smoking cigars and pipes, but not with smoking cigarettes. (7-9) Among studies that reported an increased risk of CRC with cigarette smoking, the magnitude of risk was only 1.20-1.40. (10-17) Inadequate adjustment for various potential confounders such as alcohol, physical activity, body size, dietary factors, and possibly unidentified confounders could account for the small increase in risk found with smoking in some studies. In fact, few potential confounders were adjusted for in most of the cohort studies. One third of the published studies considered only age or other relevant demographic factors. (10,11,16,18-24) Some studies adjusted only for demographic factors and alcohol use, (10,25,26) and less than half of the studies considered two or more of the potential confounders. (11,15-17,21,23,27-33) Additionally, evidence of the association of CRC and smoking by sex, drinking status and subsites of CRC has been inconsistent.

PDF Books "Tobacco Smoking and Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Newfoundland and Labrador (Quantitative Research) (Clinical Report)" Online ePub Kindle